restoration

noun

1. (countable, uncountable)The process of bringing an object back to its original state; the process of restoring something.

   “foreskin restoration”

   “The restoration of this painting will take years.”

   “The restoration of this medieval church involved undoing all the Victorian modifications.”

   “There is all the difference between preservation and restoration.”

   “As Sir Ronald Matthews said at the meeting of L.N.E.R. stockholders earlier this year, the public must realise "the inevitability of a certain amount of gradualness" in connection with the restoration of passenger train services and facilities.”

2. (countable)The result of such a process, such as a dental restoration (a dental prosthesis).

   “These restorations were especially impressive and were reported in a leading prosthodontics journal.”

3. (countable, uncountable)The return of a former monarchy or monarch to power, usually after having been forced to step down.

   “The restoration of the House of Stuart took place a few years after the death of Cromwell.”

   “The restoration of the Kingdom of Spain took place immediately after the death of Franco.”

   “Behold the differing Climes agree, / Rejoycing in thy Reſtauration.”

   “But now here we are, faced with the prospect of a Trump restoration.”

4. (countable, uncountable)The return of a socioeconomic formation in the role of the dominant mode of production.

   “The restoration of capitalism in Russia gave rise to unemployment.”

   “The restoration of capitalism in Eastern Europe made way for improvement in human rights.”

5. (countable, uncountable)The receiving of a sinner to divine favor.

name

1. The events of 1660 when English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were restored under Charles II.
2. The era of Restoration (1660 to 1685) under Charles II, or to 1688 when James II was king.
3. The restoring of the Bourbon Dynasty in 1814.
4. The restoring of imperial rule in Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji.