sod

noun

1. (uncountable)The stratum of the surface of the soil which is filled with the roots of grass, or any portion of that surface; turf; sward.

   “She there shall dress a sweeter sod / Than Fancy's feet have ever trod.”

2. (uncountable)Turf grown and cut specifically for the establishment of lawns.

   “The landscapers rolled sod onto the bare earth and made a presentable lawn by nightfall.”

3. (countable)A piece of this.

   “In Walachia, green sods are laid on the window-sills and on the lintels of the doors to avert the uncanny crew [i.e. witches].”

4. (Ireland, UK, dated, vulgar)Sodomite; bugger.

   “The Empire, in particular, was always thick with sods: they strolled side-by-side with the gay girls of the promenade, or stood, in little knots, exchanging gossip, comparing fortunes, greeting one another with flapping hands and high, extravagant voices.”

5. (Ireland, UK, derogatory, mildly, slang)A person; often qualified with an adjective.

   “You mean old sod!”

   “poor sod”

   “unlucky sod”

   “You silly sod.”

6. (Ireland, UK, mildly, vulgar)Any trifling amount, a bugger, a damn, a jot.

   “I don’t care a sod.”

7. (Australia, colloquial)A damper (bread) which has failed to rise, remaining a flat lump.

   “And Mart the cook the shovel took / And swung the damper to and fro. / 'Another sod, so help me God, / That's fourteen in a flamin' row.”

8. The rock dove.
9. (abbreviation, alt-of)Abbreviation of superoxide dismutase.
10. (abbreviation, alt-of)Abbreviation of start of day.
11. (abbreviation, alt-of, initialism, uncountable)Initialism of separation of duties.

    “Separation of duties (SoD) is one of the key concepts of internal control and is the most difficult and sometimes the most costly control to achieve. SoD states that no single individual should have control over two or more phases of a transaction or operation, which makes deliberate fraud more difficult to perpetrate because it requires the collusion of two or more individuals or parties.”

verb

1. To cover with sod.

   “He sodded the worn areas twice a year.”

   “The innermore walls were sod inlayed with roots from trees, plants and weeds.”

2. (Ireland, UK, slang, transitive, vulgar)Bugger; sodomize.
3. (Ireland, UK, slang, transitive, vulgar)Damn, curse, confound.

   “Sod him!/Sod it!/Sod that bastard!”

4. (form-of, obsolete, past)simple past of seethe

   “Iacob ſod potage ⁊ Eſau came from the feld ⁊ was faine […]”

intj

1. (Ireland, UK, vulgar)expression of annoyance.

   “'Well, I'm afraid we're going to keep you waiting for a bit.' 'Oh sod,' said Fathers. 'I'm behind enough with everything as it is. How long, do you think ?'”

adj

1. (obsolete)Boiled.

   “Beer, if it be over-new, or over-stale, over-strong, or not sod,[…]is most unwholesome, frets, and galls, etc.”

2. (Australia)Sodden; incompletely risen.

   “sod damper”