surcharge

noun

1. An addition of extra charge on the agreed, stated, or baseline price.

   “Our airline tickets cost twenty dollars more than we expected because we had to pay a fuel surcharge.”

2. The part of the price of a subsidized good or service that is not covered by the subsidy and so must be paid by the consumer.
3. An excessive price charged e.g. to an unsuspecting customer.
4. An overprint on a stamp that alters (usually raises) the original nominal value of the stamp; used especially in times of hyperinflation.
5. A painting in lighter enamel over a darker one that serves as the ground.
6. A charge that has been omitted from an account as payment of a credit to the charged party
7. A penalty for failure to exercise common prudence and skill in the performance of a fiduciary's duties.
8. (obsolete)An excessive load or burden.

   “A Numerous Nobility, cauſet Pouerty, and Inconuenience in a State: For it is a Surcharge of Expence;”

9. (obsolete)The putting, by a commoner, of more animals on the common than he is entitled to.

verb

1. To apply a surcharge.
2. To overload; to overburden.

   “to surcharge an animal or a ship; to surcharge a cannon”

   “My heauy hart I feare will breake in twaine, Surcharged with a heauie loade of thoughts.”

   “Your head reclin’d, (as hiding grief from view,) / Droops, like a Roſe ſurcharg’d with morning Dew.”

   “The threat was soon fulfilled; the evening came on, prematurely darkened by clouds that seemed surcharged with a deluge.”

   “The first, on January 1, 1883, was attributed to the overlay becoming surcharged with water, due to insufficient drainage, and causing a slip.”

3. To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into (e.g. a common) than one has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.

   “Another diſturbance of common is by ſurcharging it; or putting more cattle therein than the paſture and herbage will ſuſtain, or the party hath a right to do.”

4. To show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given.

   “The Idle multitude surcharge their laies”