oligarch

noun

1. A member of an oligarchy; someone who is part of a small group that runs a country.
2. A very wealthy business owner who wields political power.

   “Millions of people were starving, while the oligarchs and their supporters were surfeiting on the surplus.”

   “Economic disaster loomed, as the rotting remains of the Soviet economy were exposed to free-market reforms, which brought inflation and the sale of state-owned assets at low prices to a new class of ultra-rich businessmen called "oligarchs," who made America's robber barons of the late nineteenth century look like Puritan preachers.”

   “But then, this is Ukraine. Since the country won its independence in the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Parliament has become dominated by the oligarchs - enormously wealthy industrial managers who have interests in steel, iron, coal, the media and soccer clubs.”

   “Ukraine's oligarchs emerged in parallel to Russia's, who have been more closely studied, and they were quite similar.”

   “The astronomical sales of the tome have proven once and for all that for teen girls and young women in Russia, the allure of marrying an oligarch is many times more powerful than acquiring fame or intellectual status.”

3. A protoplanet formed during oligarchic accretion.

   “In the inner Solar System, only the asteroid Ceres was able to grow fast enough to become a dwarf planet, but in the outer Solar System huge numbers of icy bodies formed, ranging from pebbles to the oligarchs now recognized as dwarf planets.”