waterbreak

noun

1. (countable, obsolete)A pothole or similar break in a road's surface caused by rainwater washing away the surface of the road.

   “Many of the entrants drove unusually reckless down the mountains and the unexpected waterbreaks jarred their cars more than 100 miles of rational touring.”

   “Guessing the number of jolts which they received in the 72 miles which were studded with waterbreaks, ruts and gullies would have been a more appropriate mental exercise for the contestants in the Delaware Automobile Association of Wilmington's sealed time or "guessability" run on Saturday, 25th inst.”

   “When passing little breaks in the road, caused by water running off and carrying the road material with it, the shock of striking the edges is rather severe on tires and may be lessened by releasing the clutch for the moment and allowing the car to coast, always taking " waterbreaks " and similar rough spots straight on, so as not to strain the car unnecessarily.”

2. (countable)A breakwater.

   “Since the islet has a 720 meter long waterbreak connecting the land and the islet it attracts many visitors during summertime.”

   “In Gdynia 90 per cent of the waterbreaks, 45 per cent of the quays and nearly all the warehouses were destroyed; in Gdansk the corresponding figure for waterbreaks and quays was 20 per cent and the warehouses and virtually all the handling equipment ceased to exist.”

   “The bay has a high waterbreak equipped with a 200 m wide and 40 m deep opening for water exchange, to prevent high tsunami waves at the mouth.”

3. (countable)A barrier built across a steeply sloping road or trail in order to direct the flow of water and prevent erosion.

   “A waterbreak should be extended far enough into the bank on the upper side of the trail to prevent water from cutting around it.”

   “The following guidelines shall be considered in determining reasonable waterbreak or culvert intervals: (1) On grades of 10 percent or less, intervals of 100 to 200 feet; (2) On grades of 11 to 25 percent, intervals of 75 to 150 feet; ...”

   “A simple round log embedded in the trail surface as a waterbreak may save you many repairs.”

   “The appropriate waterbreak spacing shall be based upon the erosion hazard rating and road or trail gradient.”

4. (broadly, countable)Any artificially constructed system or device to halt the destructive flow of water.

   “Later, about 75 years ago, Ralph's grandfather built "waterbreaks" on his farm, which are the nearest things to broad-base terraces you can imagine.”

   “Planting of waterbreak cultures on steep deeply submerged banks is not recommended before filling the reservoir, as they are doomed to death due to proceeding wash-out.”

   “In preparation for further leaching, a waterbreak is made to absorb the force of leaching water as it is poured atop the acorn, preventing holes from forming in the meal, and thereby insuring even leaching.”

5. (countable)The time elapsed from an underwater explosion or seismic event until the arrival of the resulting energy wave at a hydrophonic detector.

   “Included in the display will be an active underwater buoy, a depth sensor waterbreak hydrophones unit, and a waterbreak converter.”

   “Waterbreak times are plotted along the X-axis, and along the Y-axis the number of records corresponding to those times; this is repeated for each of the 4 waterbreak hydrophones, positioned on traces 1, 15, 31, and 47, as set up on the streamer used in 1970.”

   “Depth-transducer/waterbreak section - contains depth-detector unit and waterbreak hydrophone.”

6. (uncountable)The formation of beads of water on a smooth surface, especially when used as an indicator of impurities on the surface.

   “A slurry of 10 grams of powder in 100 milliliters distilled water was carried on a cotton swab and the panels scrubbed until free from waterbreak when rinsed.”

   “As a final test of whether the base object has been cleaned of all dirt and grease, observe the form carefully while it is being rinsed to observe the waterbreak. If the water runs smoothly over the object in a uniform sheet there is no waterbreak, and the form is probably sufficiently clean to plate.”

   “In general, the accepted method of determining surface cleanliness in the painting industry is to examine the surface for waterbreak.”

7. (countable)A break in the smooth surface of a body of water, such as a ripple, whitecap, or the roughness that results from water flowing over an uneven surface.

   “And here and there a foamy flake Upon me, as I travel With many a silvery waterbreak Above the golden gravel,...”

   “In one place, the ony point we have found a break, the central portion of the cliff opens back, on either hand, into a low alluvial valley; where the marigolds, as we are informed, in spring time burn like fiery stars amid the rank marsh-grasses; and out of this a famous trout-stream comes gliding, slipping down from musical waterbreak to waterbreak, and then away quietly over the yellow sands to the sea.”

   “...and it does not detract from their charm that they are evidently the work of one who is somewhat weary of the journey, who would like to slip out of the heat and dust and lie down like a tired child in the cool and crystal waterway that creeps, a thread of silver, over the moor, with all its ribbons of trailing weed, its still pools and sunny waterbreaks.”

   “On three sides the fields fell down to the Sprint, whose numerous waterbreaks gleamed whitely through fringing birch and coppice.”